I, II Thess.) or to individuals (I, II Tim. They are, with the exception of this last-mentioned, addressed to particular Churches (Rom. Paul, and perhaps fourteen, if, with the Council of Trent, we consider him the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews. It narrates the foundation of the Churches of Palestine and Syria only in it mention is made of Peter, John, James, Paul, and Barnabas afterwards, the author devotes sixteen chapters out of the twenty-eight to the missions of St. The Acts of the Apostles, as is sufficiently indicated by the title, relates the preaching and the labours of the Apostles. They relate to the life and personal teaching of Jesus Christ. John), which to a certain extent completes the first three. The Gospels are subdivided into two groups, those which are commonly called synoptic (Matthew, Mark, Luke), because their narratives are parallel, and the fourth Gospel (that of St. Before the name of the New Testament had come into use the writers of the latter half of the second century used to say "Gospel and Apostolic writings" or simply "the Gospel and the Apostle", meaning the Apostle St. If we consider only the contents and the literary form of these writings they may be divided into historical books (Gospels and Acts), didactic books (Epistles), a prophetical book (Apocalypse). The New Testament, as usually received in the Christian Churches, is made up of twenty-seven different books attributed to eight different authors, six of whom are numbered among the Apostles (Matthew, John, Paul, James, Peter, Jude) and two among their immediate disciples (Mark, Luke). In any case it was common in the time of Tertullian. There are reasons for thinking that at this date the corresponding word "testamentum" was already in use amongst the Latins. In this meaning the expression Old Testament ( he palaia diatheke) is found for the first time in Melito of Sardis, towards the year 170. Later on, the name of testament was given to the collection of sacred texts containing the history and the doctrine of the two alliances here again and for the same reason we meet the distinction between the Old and New Testaments. Paul ( 1 Corinthians 11:25) Jesus Christ uses the words "new testament" as meaning the alliance established by Himself between God and the world, and this is called "new" as opposed to that of which Moses was the mediator. However, at an early date, the Alexandrian translators of the Scripture, known as the Septuagint, employed the word as the equivalent of the Hebrew berith, which means a pact, an alliance, more especially the alliance of Yahweh with Israel. With the profane authors this latter term means always, one passage of Aristophanes perhaps excepted, the legal disposition a man makes of his goods for after his death. Testament come from testamentum, the word by which the Latin ecclesiastical writers translated the Greek diatheke. Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more all for only $19.99.
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